Infant of diabetic mother
Authors:
Lucia Časnocha Lúčanová; Mirko Zibolen
Authors‘ workplace:
Neonatologická klinika JLF UK a UNM, Martin
Published in:
Forum Diab 2023; 12(3): 92-97
Category:
Review Article
Overview
Diabetes mellitus in mothers is involved in the development of many pathological conditions in their offspring. Infants of diabetic mothers are often macrosomic and have an increased incidence of birth trauma, hypoglycemia, hypocalcemia, polycythemia, hyperbilirubinemia, neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (IRDS), cardiomyopathy, congenital malformations, and gastrointestinal tract disorders. In the long term, infants of diabetic mothers are at risk of developing neurological and metabolic disorders, which are caused by epigenetic changes. The mentioned risks and complications in children are significantly reduced by rigorous control of maternal diabetes in the preconception period and during pregnancy.
Keywords:
congenital anomalies – gestational diabetes mellitus – infant of diabetic mother – newborn infant
Sources
- Wu Y, Liu B, Sun Y et al. Association of maternal prepregnancy diabetes and gestational diabetes mellitus with congenital anomalies of the newborn. Diabetes Care 2020; 43(12): 2983–2990. Dostupné z DOI: <https://doi 10.2337/dc20–0261>.
- Gorman T. Neonatal effects of maternal diabetes. In: Eichenwald EC, Hansen AR, Martin CR, Stark AR. Cloherty and Stark‘s manual of neonatal care. South Asian ed. Wolters Kluwer: New Delhi (India) 2021: 943–957. ISBN 978–81–948645–5-4.
- Venkat RK, Pandita A, Pillai A. Infant of diabetic mother: what one needs to know? The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine 2020; 33(3): 482–492. Dostupné z DOI: <https://doi.org/10.1080/14767058.2018.1494710>.
- Ogata ES. Problems of the infant of the diabetic mother. NeoReviews 2010; 11(11): e627-e631. Dostupné z DOI: <https://doi.org/10.1542/neo.11–11-e627>.
- Hawdon JM, Boardman JP. Homeostasis of carbohydrate and other fuels. In: Boardman JP, Groves AM, Ramasethu J. Avery and MacDonald´s Neonatology. 8th ed. Wolters Kluwer: Philadelphia (USA) 2021: 678–694.
- Alemu BT, Olayinka O, Baydoun HA et al. Neonatal hypoglycemia in diabetic mothers: a systematic review. Curr Pediatr Res 2017; 21(1): 42–53.
- Mitanchez D, Yzydorczyk C, Simeoni U. What neonatal complications should the pediatrician be aware of in case of maternal gestational diabetes? World J Diabetes 2015; 6(5): 734–743. Dostupné z DOI: <https://10.4239/wjd.v6.i5.734>.
- Uhríková Z, Zibolen M. Starostlivosť o dieťa diabetickej matky. Forum Diab 2014; 3(2): 97–100.
- Yildiz Atar H, Baatz JE, Ryan RM. Molecular mechanisms of maternal diabetes effects on fetal and neonatal surfactant. Children 2021; 8(4): 281. Dostupné z DOI: <https://doi.org/10.3390/children8040281>.
- Jurko T, Jurko A jr, Kúdela E et al. Vplyv hyperglykémie matky v tehotenstve na myokard novorodenca. Slovenská gynekológia a pôrodníctvo 2017; 24(3): 122–125.
- Jurko A jr, Poláková Mištinová J, Strachan J et al. Význam MRI v diferenciálnej diagnostike medzi hypertrofickou kardiomyopatiou a športovým srdcom – tri kazuistiky. Kardiológia pre pediatriu 2016; 7: 28–41.
- Rodolaki K, Pergialiotis V, Iakovidou N et al. The impact of maternal diabetes on the future health and neurodevelopment of the offspring: a review of the evidence. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14: 1125628. Dostupné z DOI: <https://doi: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1125628>.
- Ornoy A, Reece EA, Pavlinkova G et al. Effect of maternal diabetes on the embryo, fetus, and chuildren: congenital anomalies, genetic and epigenetic changes and developmental outcomes. Birth Defects Research Part C. Embryo Today 2015; 105(1): 53–72. Dostupné z DOI: <https://doi: 10.1002/bdrc.21090>.
- Ikeda T, Goto S, Hosokawa T et al. How to avoid unnecessary surgical treatment for neonatal small left colon syndrome. Journal of Surgical Case Reports 2021; 4: rjab072. Dostupné z DOI: <https://doi: 10.1093/jscr/rjab072>.
- KC K, Shakya S, Zhang H. Gestational diabetes mellitus and macrosomia: a literature review. Ann Nutr Metab 2015; 66(Suppl 2): 14–20. Dostupné z DOI: <https://doi: 10.1159/000371628>.
- Manerkar K, Harding J, Conlon C et al. Maternal gestational diabetes and infant feeding, nutrition and growth: a systematic review and meta-analysis. British Journal of Nutrition 2020; 123: 1201–1215. Dostupné z DOI: <https://doi: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1125628>.
- Crume TL, Ogden L, West NA et al. Association of exposure to diabetes in utero with adiposity and fat distribution in a multiethnic population of youth: the exploring perinatal outcomes among children (EPOCH) study. Diabetologia 2011; 54: 87–92. Dostupné z DOI: <https://doi: 10.1007/s00125–010–1925–3>.
- El Hajj N, Pliushch G, Schneider E et al. Metabolic programming of MEST DNA methylation by intrauterine exposure to gestational diabetes mellitus. Diabetes 2013; 62(2): 1320–1328. Dostupné z DOI: <https://doi: 10.2337/db12–0289>.
- Chen KR, Yu T, Lien YJ et al. Childhood neurodevelopmental disorders and maternal diabetes: a population-based cohort study. Dev Med Child Neurol 2023; 65(7): 933–941. Dostupné z DOI: <https://doi: 10.1111/dmcn.15488>.
- Sugar J, Lum TG, Fertel S et al. Long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes among preterm infants born to mothers with diabetes mellitus. J Perinatol 2022; 42(4): 499–502. Dostupné z DOI: <https://doi: 10.1038/s41372–021–01255–8>.
Labels
Diabetology Endocrinology Internal medicineArticle was published in
Forum Diabetologicum
2023 Issue 3
Most read in this issue
- Prevalence, screening and postpartum control of gestational diabetes mellitus among the insurees of the health insurance company Dôvera
- Metformin treatment and its effect on survival in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
- Infant of diabetic mother
- DIAEXPLORER: a survey of insulin treatment and incidence of chronic complications in type 2 diabetics in Slovakia